Than allen o whipple modified this procedure in 1935, but the. Alessandro codivilla litfl medical blog medical eponym library. Alessandro codivilla was an italian surgeon from imola, head of the surgical department of the hospital of castiglion. Ligasure impact versus conventional dissection technique. The insight of howard, based on his own experience as a pancreatic surgeon and his place in the history of this field, makes him. In the past, the rate and rhythm of distraction were rarely considered. During the past 7 years of our experience in this procedure, an improvement in the different aspects of the technique including lesser time of operation, less intraoperative bleeding, less pancreatic. Early on, he showed a special interest in the studies of sciences. In the field of pancreatic surgery, probably no operation has engendered more historic debate than the origin of the pancreatoduodenectomy, with the misleading and arguably inappropriate eponyms of the whipple or the kauschwhipple procedure. Original description of the first pancreatic head resection 1898 whipple. Pdf pancreatic cancer is generally found in the older population pancreaticoduodenectomy seems to be the only way in resolving these resectable. Originally filled with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality, these obstacles have been overcome through the work of numerous great surgeons in recent decades.
Crothers 1, lei zhao2 and rebecca wilcox 1department of pathology, university of vermontfletcher allen health care, usa 2department of pathology, university of chicago, usa abstract the pancreaticoduodenectomy, commonly referred to as the whipple resection, is. Kausch performed the first modern pancreatoduodenectomy in 1909. It is also used for the treatment of pancreatic or duodenal trauma, or chronic pancreatitis. Codivilla was an italian surgeon who practiced orthopaedics exclusively. Pancreaticoduodenectomy a pancreaticoduodenectomy, pancreatoduodenectomy1, whipple procedure, or kausch whipple procedure, is a major surgical operation involving the pancreas, duodenum, and other organs. The evolution toward modern pancreatic surgery was due to walther kausch figure 1b.
In 1898, alessandro codivilla 18611912 performed the first pancreatic head resection. Though alessandro codivilla was the first person to perform a pd, 9 it was allen whipple who popularized this surgery. Due anni di practica chirurgica, by alessandro codivilla wellcome l0015202. Over the past 5 years, the field of pancreatic surgery for treatment of pancreatic malignancies has been a challenge to the surgical community. Alessandro codivilla 21 march 1861 28 february 1912 was an italian surgeon from imola. Alessandro codivilla 1861 1912 was an italian surgeon. Its known as a whipples after allen oldfather whipple, who in the 1930s modified a much older procedure originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898. Mar 11, 2015 pancreatic cancer is generally found in the older population pancreaticoduodenectomy seems to be the only way in resolving these resectable tumors. Jun 09, 2017 the first reported partial pancreaticoduodenectomy italian surgeon alessandro codivilla 1898 1912 the german surgeon walther kausch was the first to remove large parts of the duodenum and pancreas together en bloc american surgeon allen oldfather whipple 1935 published the results of a series of 3 operations at columbia. A pancreaticoduodenectomy, whipple procedure, or kausch whipple procedure, is a major surgical operation involving the pancreas, duodenum, and other organs. Whipple, pancreaticoduodenectomy pd, pancreatic cancer.
Probability prediction of a postoperative pancreatic. Pancreatic cancer epidemiology, detection, and management. Considerations on pancreatic exocrine function after. The first reports on pancreatic cancer resections were published after operations performed by friedrich trendelenburg bonn in 1882, theodor billroth wien in 1884, alessandro codivilla imolabologna and william s halsted baltimore in 1898, walter kausch berlin in 1912, georg hirschel heidelberg in 1914, and alexander. Oldfather whipple, the surgeon who popularized it in north america in 1935 6, pd had been described by the italian surgeon alessandro codivilla in 1898 and subsequently by the german surgeon walther kausch. Alessandro codivilla 21 march 1861 28 february 1912 was an italian surgeon from imola, head of the surgical department of the hospital of castiglion fiorentino.
However, the rst reported pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer was performed nearly four decades prior in 1898 by alessandro codivilla for a case in which the patient died 21 days later from cachexia. Pancreaticoduodenectomy wikimili, the free encyclopedia. The content on this page is forked from the english wikipedia page entitled timeline of pancreatic cancer. This article is a case series with respect to the 7year experience of the whipple procedure in firoozgar teaching hospital. Alessandro codivilla was born on march 21, 1861, in bologna. The whipple procedure is the standard method for therapy of cancerous tumours, inflammation and stenosis near the head of the pancreas.
The success of pancreatic resections for neuroendocrine tumors renewed interest in pancreatic surgery, particularly in the newly appointed surgeoninchief at columbiapresbyterian medical center in new york, allen oldfather whipple 18811963, figure 3. Italian surgeon alessandro codivilla performs the first reported attempt at a pancreaticoduodenectomy. An italian surgeon, alessandro codivilla, was the first to perform a pancreaticoduodenectomy. His major surgical operation involves the removal of the head of the pancreas, the duodenum, the proximal jejunum, gallbladder, and often the distal stomach. American surgeon allen whipple performs a successful onestage pancreaticoduodenectomy, being the first to popularize the procedure today also called whipple procedure. Advances in surgery for pancreatic cancer acher journal of. Although almost exactly a century has elapsed since alessandro codivilla performed the first pancreaticoduodenectomy in bologna in 1898 1, and it has been only 16 years less since walter kausch succeeded with a partial pancreaticoduodenectomy in germany 1912 2, this remains a most complex operation that carries a substantial operative risk and limited longterm success.
Due to the shared blood supply of organs in the proximal gastrointestinal system, surgical. The operation is named after allen oldfather whipple september 2, 1881 april 6, 1963 an american surgeon who did extensive research on the pancreas and developed a surgical operation for p. The first known pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed by alessandro codivilla on february 1898 in italy, followed by kausch 11 years later. Alessandro codivilla performed the first pancreaticoduodenectomy 6 years later. Alessandro codivilla was born in bologna 21st march 1861 into a family of modest means. Nowadays, whipple is an acceptable operation that is performed in various malignant and benign diseases of pancreas and periampulary area. After excelling at high school, he attended the faculty of medicine and surgery, where he graduated with full marks in 1886. It is distributed in accordance with the creative commons attribution non commercial cc bync 4.
Why is the surgical procedure, pancreaticoduodenectomy. The procedure was originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898, a. The first reported attempt at a pancreatoduodenectomy was performed in 1898 by the italian surgeon alessandro codivilla for a tumor involving the head of the. Allen whipple popularizes pancreaticoduodenectomy in the 1940s. Howard, md, has provided us with the definitive historical account of the great american surgeon allen oldfather whipple, md. Whipples pancreaticoduodenectomy deranged physiology. Voz, rostro y tenor universidad temperamento apple brigham young duodenopancreatectomia. Allen oldfather whipple or the german walther kausch, the first documented operation.
The classic whipple procedure pancreatoduodenectomy, which involves removing the pancreatic head, as well as the curve of the duodenum, the gallbladder, and the common bile duct, is the most common operation for cancers of the head andor neck of pancreas. There are two operation techniques performed predominantly. O whipple was the first to describe pancreaticoduodenectomy in 1935 as a modified procedure. Alessandro codivilla 21 march 1861 28 february 1912 was an italian surgeon from imola, head of the surgical department of the hospital of castiglion fiorentino although the partial removal of the pancreas in cases of pancreas cancer is usually associated with allen oldfather whipple or the german walther kausch, the first documented operation of this kind was performed by codivilla. Alessandro codivilla and the first pancreatoduodenectomy. By the turn of the century, surgical pioneers such as alessandro codivilla and walther. A pancreaticoduodenectomy, pancreatoduodenectomy, whipple procedure, or kausch whipple procedure is a major surgical operation most often performed to remove cancerous tumours off the head of the pancreas.
In 1912, walther kausch 18671928 in germany reported the first successful excision of the duodenum and a portion of the pancreas in two stages for ampullary cancer. Aug 01, 20 it is well known that a pd is one of the most technically demanding abdominal oncological operations. It is well known that a pd is one of the most technically demanding abdominal oncological operations. Allen oldfather whipple, the removal of the pancreatic head and duodenum as it wraps around the route of the mesentery can pose some significant surgical. Media in category alessandro codivilla the following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total. O whipple was the first to describe pancreaticoduodenectomy in. This procedure was originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898 and kausch in 1912, and later perfected by allen oldfather. Whipple only performed 37 whipples, which in todays standards would classify ao whipple as a lowvolume whipple surgeon the whipples of today entail resection of the pancreatic head and in fact have little resemblance to the whipple s original operations from 1935 with only slightly more. Whipple, the namesake of the pancreaticoduodenectomy pd, was the first to take a systematic approach to refining the procedure.
Probability prediction of a postoperative pancreatic fistula. Alessandro codivilla litfl medical blog medical eponym. Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed by few other surgeons prior to being defined, then refined, by whipple et al. The whipple s procedure was actually first described by the italian surgeon alessandro codivilla in 1889 and first performed by the german surgeon walther kausch in 1909. Chapter 100 techniques of pancreatic resection for cancer. Than allen o whipple modified this procedure in 1935, but the complexity of technique and the associated high morbidity and mortality resulted in initial reluctance to adopt this surgery for the management of pancreatic and periampullary tumors 19. In the 1970s tobacco use is found to cause pancreatic cancer. Pdf historical evolution of the surgical treatment of pancreatic. Whipples surgical procedure pancreaticoduodenectomy for. In the classic whipple procedure c whipple the head of the pancreas, the.
Perhaps his greatest contribution was sparking a renewed interest in the surgical management of periampullary cancers and engendering a community of surgeons who advanced the field through their collective. Allen oldfather whipple is the uncontested father of north american pancreatic surgery. Classification and treatment of pancreatic and non. Italian surgeon, alessandro codivilla codivilla, 1904 stretched the whole gap in one go under general anaesthesia, while wagner wagner, 1978 encouraged his patients to turn the distraction knob on the external fixator. Codivilla pioneered the technique of pancreaticoduodenectomy, resecting the head of pancreas distal stomach.
Alessandro codivilla performed the first pancreaticoduodenectomy in a 46yearold male with a pancreatic head mass. The first laparoscopic pancreatic surgery was a pylorussparing whipple in 1992. Its actual names is pancreaticouodenectomy or pancreatoduodenectomy. In 1898, alessandro codivilla performed this procedure firstly on a patient with pc. Although the partial removal of the pancreas in cases of pancreas cancer is usually associated with allen oldfather whipple or the german walther kausch, the first documented. Eleven years later in 1909 walter kausch in berlin. Classification and treatment of pancreatic and nonpancreatic. Pancreatic surgery the first documented operation on the pancreas, a distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy for removal of a tumor, was performed in 1882 by friedrich trendelenburg 1. An italian surgeon, alessandro codivilla, was the first to perform.
Jun 29, 2011 the procedure was originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898, a. Whipple only performed 37 whipples, which in todays standards would classify ao whipple as a lowvolume whipple surgeon the whipples of today entail resection of the pancreatic head and in fact have little resemblance to the whipples original operations from 1935 with only slightly more. A whipple procedures or whipple s procedure is a pancreaticoduodenectomy. Alessandro codivilla in imola, italy was foremost a pioneer in orthopedic surgery, interestingly he also performed the first pancreaticoduodenectomy in 1898, alas the patient died on the 24th day. Pancreatoduodenectomy has been called kauschs operation or whipple s operation nowadays a alessandro codivilla, italy b walther kausch, germany c allen whipple, united state. Alessandro codivilla in 1898 and later refined by dr. Redirected from whipple procedure originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898 and kausch in 1912. Advances in surgery for pancreatic cancer acher journal. Aspects of radical surgery for exocrine cancer of the. Its called whipple procedure in honor of the american surgeon allen whipple who improved the procedure in the 1940s, this was first described by the italian surgeon, alessandro codivilla in 1898 and used by german surgeon walther kausch in 1909. Evolution of the whipple procedure at the massachusetts. This operation is performed to treat cancerous tumours on the head of the pancreas or cancerous tumors on ducts or vessels near the pancreas. Operative technique in robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy. Although both alessandro codivilla in italy and walter kausch in germany had performed pancreatoduodenectomy decades before, whipples presentation at the american surgical association meeting in 1935 of 3 patients who underwent a 2staged operation 4 and his successful performance of a 1stage.
Accomplished orthopaedic surgeon known best for his work with external pin fixation and traction for limb lengthening 1898 original description of the first pancreatic head resection whipple procedure. A pancreaticoduodenectomy, whipple procedure, or kausch whipple procedure, is a major surgical operation involving the pancreas, duodenum, gall bladder,commom bile duct and distal part of stomach. Pd is a complex 7 technique due to the combination of the dissection in close proximity to vital vascular structures and the. The first reports on pancreatic cancer resections were published after operations performed by friedrich trendelenburg bonn in 1882, theodor billroth wien in 1884, alessandro codivilla imolabologna and william s halsted baltimore in 1898, walter kausch berlin in 1912, georg hirschel heidelberg in 1914, and alexander brunschwig. He was assistant to loreta and poggi, but his financial condition forced him to give up clinical practice and start work in a. Operative technique in robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy rpd. Pancreatic cancer is generally found in the older population pancreaticoduodenectomy seems to be the only way in resolving these resectable tumors.